Sell your business

    Net proceeds calculator: what you actually keep

    Enterprise value is only half the story. What matters is what lands in your account after taxes and deal structure.

    Between the value of your business and the money in your bank account lie several steps: debt and cash adjustments, non-operating assets, deal type, entity structure, and federal and state taxes. Each one shifts your net proceeds, often by six- or seven-figure amounts.

    This calculator provides an indicative estimate of what remains after federal taxes. For the enterprise value itself, see our business valuation page or try the valuation calculator.

    Net proceeds calculator

    Your indicative net proceeds

    Enter the key figures and select your deal type and entity structure. The info icon next to each field explains what it means and how it affects your proceeds. Your inputs are not stored or transmitted. The calculation runs entirely in your browser.

    $5,000,000
    100%
    Deal type
    Entity type

    Display currency

    Indicative net proceeds (federal tax only)

    $3,810,000

    Indicative range: $3,619,500 to $4,000,500

    How this breaks down

    Enterprise value$5,000,000
    Less debt$0
    Plus cash$0
    Plus non-operating assets$0
    Equity value (100%)$5,000,000
    Your share (100%)$5,000,000
    Less federal tax (~23.8%, Stock sale, individual (LTCG 20% + 3.8% NIIT))$1,190,000
    Indicative net proceeds$3,810,000

    Stock sale vs asset sale (individual, federal)

    + $800,000

    Approximate additional proceeds from a stock sale (23.8% federal) vs an asset sale through a C-corp (~39.8% effective). The actual difference depends on your entity type and state.

    State tax not included

    US state income tax on gains ranges from 0% (FL, TX, WY, NV, SD, WA, TN) to over 13% (CA). Add your state rate for a fuller estimate.

    This is an indicative estimate, not tax or legal advice. Actual proceeds depend on cost basis, holding period, entity structure, state of residence, and individual circumstances. Discuss your situation with a qualified tax advisor or CPA before making decisions.

    Book a confidential consultationEnterprise value unknown? Try the valuation calculator

    Assumptions and methodology: The taxable gain is simplified to equal the sale proceeds (cost basis and book values not considered). Stock sale, individual/pass-through: long-term capital gains at the top federal bracket of 20% plus 3.8% NIIT, totaling 23.8%. Stock sale, C-corp shareholder: same 23.8% on the distribution (corporate-level gain on the stock sale itself is not separately modeled because the shareholder receives proceeds directly). Asset sale, individual/pass-through: ordinary income rates, simplified to ~37% federal. Asset sale, C-corp: double taxation at ~21% corporate plus ~23.8% on distribution, ~39.8% effective with full distribution. State taxes are not included and range from 0% to over 13%. All figures are indicative and do not replace individual tax or legal advice. Actual liability depends on cost basis, holding period, entity structure, state of residence, and personal circumstances.

    Why enterprise value is not your payout

    Most owners have, at best, a rough idea of what their business is worth. What they rarely know is the number that actually hits their bank account. That is where the biggest surprises happen.

    The enterprise value describes the operating business, free of debt and excess cash. Before it becomes net proceeds, financial debt is subtracted, non-operating assets are added, and taxes are due. How much tax you pay depends heavily on the deal and entity structure.

    The calculator above makes each of those steps transparent. It is an estimate, not a replacement for individual tax advice, but it shows where the biggest opportunities sit.

    The equity bridge in three steps

    Between the value of your business and the money in your account lie three steps. Understanding them means planning your exit with clear numbers.

    01

    Debt and cash

    Net financial debt is subtracted from enterprise value. Net cash increases your proceeds.

    02

    Non-operating assets

    Surplus cash, investment accounts, or non-essential real estate sit on top of the purchase price and flow to you separately.

    03

    Tax and structure

    Deal type and entity structure determine the effective tax rate. This is the single largest factor in your net proceeds.

    Worked example

    From enterprise value to net proceeds: a walkthrough

    Suppose an owner holds 100% of a business with an enterprise value of $5 million. How that value is derived from EBITDA and a sector-typical multiple is explained in our article on EBITDA multiples by industry. The business carries $500,000 in debt and $300,000 in surplus cash.

    From enterprise value to net proceeds (example, 100% ownership)

    Enterprise value$5,000,000
    Less debt- $500,000
    Plus cash+ $300,000
    = Equity value (gross proceeds)$4,800,000
    Net proceeds, stock sale (23.8% federal)~ $3,658,000
    Net proceeds, asset sale, C-corp (39.8% effective)~ $2,890,000

    The difference of roughly $768,000 between a stock sale and a C-corp asset sale shows why deal structure determines your actual payout, not just the headline purchase price. You can run this calculation with your own numbers in the calculator above.

    Federal tax on a business sale

    How much federal tax do you pay when selling a business?

    The tax on a business sale is the single biggest factor between enterprise value and net proceeds. The calculator above makes the impact visible instantly. For a stock sale held longer than one year, the gain qualifies as a long-term capital gain. Federal LTCG rates are 0%, 15%, or 20%, depending on your taxable income bracket. Owners selling a business worth seven figures almost always fall into the 20% bracket.

    On top of the capital gains rate, the net investment income tax (NIIT) of 3.8% applies when your modified adjusted gross income exceeds $200,000 (single) or $250,000 (married filing jointly). For most business sellers, the combined federal rate on a stock sale is 23.8%.

    In an asset sale through a pass-through entity, portions of the gain may be taxed as ordinary income at rates up to 37% federal, depending on how the purchase price is allocated across asset classes. Through a C-corp, asset sale proceeds face double taxation: corporate tax at 21%, then a second layer when the after-tax amount is distributed to shareholders. The effective combined rate reaches roughly 39.8% with full distribution.

    State taxes add another layer. States like Florida, Texas, Wyoming, and Nevada impose no state income tax on capital gains. California taxes capital gains as ordinary income at rates above 13%. Your state of residence at the time of sale determines the rate. The calculator shows federal tax only. More on timing and planning in our article on pre-exit tax planning.

    Effective federal tax rate on a business sale (indicative)

    Stock sale, individual/pass-through (LTCG 20% + NIIT 3.8%)~ 23.8%
    Asset sale, individual/pass-through (ordinary income)~ 37%
    Asset sale, C-corp (corporate + distribution)~ 39.8%
    Deal structure

    Stock deal vs asset deal: what stays in your pocket

    In a stock deal you sell the shares or membership interests. The legal entity stays intact and only the ownership changes. For most sellers this is the more tax-efficient path: the gain qualifies for long-term capital gains treatment at up to 23.8% federal.

    In an asset deal the buyer acquires individual assets and contracts. The legal entity stays with you. Buyers often prefer this because they can step up the tax basis and depreciate acquired assets. For sellers, however, the tax cost is higher: portions of the gain are taxed as ordinary income, and C-corp sellers face double taxation.

    The deal structure is itself a negotiation point. A buyer who insists on an asset deal may need to pay a higher headline price to offset the seller's extra tax cost. Knowing your after-tax number for both scenarios, which the calculator above provides, gives you a clear basis for that conversation. For a deeper look at structuring, see our article on earn-outs and our guide to selling your business.

    What experienced advisors check first

    Four factors that shape your after-tax proceeds and that many owners discover only mid-process.

    Entity and holding structure

    C-corp double taxation vs pass-through treatment is the single largest variable in your after-tax proceeds. Restructuring before a sale requires lead time.

    Non-operating real estate

    Real estate that is owned personally but leased to the business can trigger unexpected tax events when the business sells. Separate early.

    Surplus cash and non-operating assets

    Excess cash, investment accounts, and non-essential assets sit on top of the purchase price and flow to you through the equity bridge.

    State tax exposure

    State capital gains rates range from 0% (FL, TX, WY, NV) to over 13% (CA). Your state of residence at the time of sale determines the rate.

    Read more
    Keep more

    How to increase your net proceeds

    Net proceeds are shaped in the years before the sale, long before the first buyer conversation. Four areas have the biggest impact.

    01

    Choose the right deal structure

    Stock sale vs asset sale can shift your effective tax rate by 15 percentage points or more. Align early with your advisor.

    02

    Clean up adjusted EBITDA

    A higher adjusted EBITDA lifts the enterprise value through the multiple and raises the base of your entire proceeds calculation.

    Read more
    03

    Separate non-operating assets

    Identify surplus cash, investment accounts, and real estate that should flow to you outside the purchase price.

    04

    Plan the tax well before the sale

    Entity restructuring, installment sales, Opportunity Zones, and QSBS exclusions all need lead time to be effective.

    Read more

    Owners who address these areas early sell at their maximum after-tax value, not at whatever the market offers today. That is exactly what exit planning is for: a structured process that prepares your business and your tax position before going to market.

    FAQ

    Frequently asked questions about net proceeds

    Enterprise value describes the value of the operating business, free of debt and excess cash. Net proceeds are what lands in your account after subtracting debt, adding non-operating assets, and paying taxes. The gap between the two can easily reach six or seven figures.

    For a stock sale held longer than one year, federal long-term capital gains tax is 0%, 15%, or 20% depending on your taxable income bracket, plus a 3.8% net investment income tax (NIIT) if your income exceeds $200,000 (single) or $250,000 (married filing jointly). State taxes vary from 0% to over 13%. The calculator above shows federal tax only.

    For most sellers a stock deal is more tax-efficient. Gains qualify for long-term capital gains rates (up to 23.8% federal). In an asset deal, portions of the gain may be taxed as ordinary income at rates up to 37% federal. Buyers often prefer asset deals because they can step up the tax basis and depreciate assets. The deal structure itself becomes a negotiation point.

    Yes, typically on top. Enterprise value is defined debt-free and cash-free. Surplus liquidity, investment portfolios, or non-operating real estate accrue to you through the equity bridge, in addition to the purchase price for the operating business.

    It is an indicative estimate, not a binding result. Your actual tax liability depends on cost basis, holding period, entity type, state of residence, and individual circumstances. For a reliable assessment, speak with a FISART advisor and your CPA or tax attorney.

    The NIIT is a surtax that applies to investment income, including capital gains from a business sale, when your modified adjusted gross income exceeds $200,000 (single) or $250,000 (married filing jointly). It is added on top of the long-term capital gains rate.

    Significantly. If you hold the business as a sole proprietor, partnership, or S-corp, gains flow through to your personal return. If you are a C-corp shareholder, the corporation pays corporate-level tax first, and you pay a second layer when the proceeds are distributed. The effective rate difference can be 15 percentage points or more.

    That is your call. If you want a FISART advisor to review your situation and identify the biggest after-tax opportunities, book a confidential consultation. There is no obligation.

    Yes, with enough lead time. Common strategies include adjusting the deal structure (stock vs asset), timing the sale to manage your income bracket, using installment sales, investing in a Qualified Opportunity Zone, or exploring Qualified Small Business Stock (Section 1202) exclusions. Each depends on specific eligibility rules. Start the conversation with a tax advisor well before going to market.

    US state income tax on capital gains varies from 0% in states like Florida, Texas, and Wyoming to over 13% in California. Including a single state rate would be misleading. The calculator shows your federal tax, and you can add your state rate for a fuller picture.

    Let us talk about your after-tax proceeds

    In a confidential consultation we review your situation and show which factors move the needle most in your case. No obligation.

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